Enhancement of energy storage performances in BaTiO3-based ceramics via introducing Bi(Mg2/3Sb1/3)O3

Abstract

Lead-free relaxor ferroelectric ceramics have attracted extensive attention on account of their excellent energy storage properties. However, these ceramics still have some difficulties in improving the energy storage density, efficiency and stability. Herein, (1-x)BaTiO3-xBi(Mg2/3Sb1/3)O3 (BT-xBMS, x = 0.08, 0.12, 0.16, and 0.20) ceramics were designed in this study. After the addition of Bi/Mg/Sb (BMS) elements into BaTiO3(BT) system, the grain size of ceramics increases obviously. And the grain boundary activation energy increases with the increase of resistivity, which is due to the difficulty of grain boundary oxygen vacancy transition. This measure can effectively enhances the breakdown strength (Eb), thereby improving the energy storage properties. Significantly, it is worth mentioning that BT-0.16BMS ceramics exhibit excellent total energy density (Wtotal = 4.56 J/cm3), large recyclable energy storage density (Wrec = 4.28 J/cm3) and high efficiency (η = 93.70 %) under Eb of 550 kV/cm. In particular, BT-0.16BMS ceramics achieved excellent current density (CD = 1475.58 A/cm2), power density (PD = 177.07 MW/cm3), discharge energy density (Wd = 1.35 J/cm3) and extremely fast discharge time (t0.9 = 27.34 ns). In addition, BT-0.16BMS ceramics have excellent temperature range (20–140 °C) and frequency (1–200 Hz) stability. Therefore, the excellent energy storage properties make BT-0.16BMS ceramics have broad prospects in advanced pulse power capacitors.