Abstract
Suitability of powdered activated carbon CWZ-30 for enhancing the coagulation process used for the removal of contaminants from surface water was evaluated. Aluminium sulphate, aluminium chloride and pre-hydrolysed polyaluminium chloride (PAX18 and PAX-XL1905) were used as coagulants, and the following parameters were analysed in water sampled from the Kozłowa Góra dam reservoir (Poland): concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb) and indicator PCBs (28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, 180). The highest reduction in heavy metal concentration was obtained with the use of PAX-XL1905. It amounted, in case of copper, cadmium, nickel and lead, to 64, 39, 18 and 85%, respectively. Enhancement of coagulation with powdered activated carbon CWZ-30 in the amount of 30 mg L−1, increased the efficiency of these metals removal up to 79, 53, 26 and 95%, respectively. The best results for total PCB concentration removal were obtained with the use of PAX18. Application of powdered activated carbon also allowed to obtain better effects of PCB removal from water. Therefore, the coagulation process enhanced with powdered activated carbon had crucial impact on the reduction of analysed heavy metals concentration and indicator PCBs.
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