Abstract
The Arctic Ocean, as a significant carbon sink, is attracting increased attention within the scientific community. This study focused on the main marginal sea ice zone, which has been the most sensitive to environmental changes in recent decades. Using data from reanalysis, models, and on-site observations, the changes in air–sea CO2 flux (FCO2) were analyzed during the influence of Arctic cyclones (ACs) in 2021–2022. Results indicated that the passage of ACs tended to increase the average carbon sink in the main marginal ice zone, with a more pronounced effect during the cold season. During ACs, the average FCO2 could reach −6.95 mmolC m−2 d−1. This was mainly associated with the stronger and more concentrated distribution of ACs where there was lower pCO2 (air–sea gradient of CO2 partial pressure) in the cold season. Additionally, the change in FCO2 during ACs was primarily affected by the sea surface wind and sea-ice concentration in the cold season, while it was influenced by a variety of environmental factors in the warm season, including the sea surface wind, sea-ice concentration, and ecological factors.
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