Abstract
A porous titanium structure was suggested to improve implant stability in the early healing period or in poor bone quality. This study investigated the effect of a porous structure on the osseointegration of dental implants. A total of 28 implants (14 implants in each group) were placed in the posterior mandibles of four beagle dogs at 3 months after extraction. The control group included machined surface implants with an external implant–abutment connection, whereas test group implants had a porous titanium structure added to the apical portion. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA); removal torque values (RTV); and surface topographic and histometric parameters including bone-to-implant contact length and ratio, inter-thread bone area and ratio in total, and the coronal and apical parts of the implants were measured after 4 weeks of healing. RTV showed a significant difference between the groups after 4 weeks of healing (p = 0.032), whereas no difference was observed in RFA. In the test group, surface topography showed bone tissue integrated into the porous structures. In the apical part of the test group, all the histometric parameters exhibited significant increases compared to the control group. Within the limitations of this study, enhanced bone growth into the porous structure was achieved, which consequently improved osseointegration of the implant.
Highlights
A dental implant has been accepted as a reliable treatment modality for edentulous ridge with high long-term survival [1], and improvements in implant design, surface treatment, and surgicalMaterials 2020, 13, 3061; doi:10.3390/ma13143061 www.mdpi.com/journal/materialsMaterials 2020, 13, 3061 technique led to a marked increase in implant stability [2,3]
The topographical features in an implant surface can be defined in terms of their scales, which were produced by surface modification treatments such as titanium plasma-spraying, grit-blasting, acid-etching, or combinations [2,8]
No significant differences were observed in Implant stability quotient (ISQ) values between the two groups at each time period and between the baseline and 4 weeks in each group
Summary
A dental implant has been accepted as a reliable treatment modality for edentulous ridge with high long-term survival [1], and improvements in implant design, surface treatment, and surgicalMaterials 2020, 13, 3061; doi:10.3390/ma13143061 www.mdpi.com/journal/materialsMaterials 2020, 13, 3061 technique led to a marked increase in implant stability [2,3]. There are several possible risk factors associated with early implant failure or impaired healing, including smoking, head and neck radiation [4,5], bone quality and osteoporosis [6]. Osseointegration was defined as a direct and functional connection between bone and an artificial implant. The macroscopic (body structure and thread geometry) and microscopic (chemical composition and surface treatment) characteristics of dental implants could influence the success of the osseointegration [7]. The topographical features in an implant surface can be defined in terms of their scales, which were produced by surface modification treatments such as titanium plasma-spraying, grit-blasting, acid-etching, or combinations [2,8]. Nanotopography is associated with the biological activities of cells to stimulate bone formation on an implant surface [10]. The majority of current surface treatments are unreliable to achieve reproducible nanoscale features as they range randomly from nanometers to millimeters
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
