Abstract
Herein, we demonstrated the enhancement of bitumen recovery from the oil sand in a concentrated alkaline solution using ultrasound irradiation and carbon dioxide. The alkaline solution allowed the separation of bitumen and sand; however, it was difficult to collect bitumen via aeration. CO2 exhibited a high contact angle for bitumen even at a high pH. Therefore, we attempted to use CO2 for bitumen recovery under ultrasound irradiation, increasing the number of collisions between bitumen and the CO2 bubbles; thus, the bitumen recovery ratio exhibited a high value of approximately 70% even at a low CO2 injection rate of 20 ml min−1.
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