Abstract
Skin wound healing is a complicated and lengthy process, which is influenced by multiple factors and need a suitable cellular micro-environment. For skin wound, wound dressings remain a cornerstone of dermatologic therapy at present. The dressing material can create an effective protective environment for the wound, and the interactions between the dressing and the wound has a great impact on the wound healing efficiency. An ideal wound dressing materials should have good biocompatibility, moisturizing property, antibacterial property and mechanical strength, and can effectively prevent wound infection and promote wound healing. In this study, in order to design wound dressing materials endowed with excellent antibacterial and tissue repair properties, we attempted to load antimicrobial peptides onto dopmine-modified graphene oxide (PDA@GO) using lysozyme (ly) as a model drug. Then, functionalized GO was used to the surface modification of arginine-modified chitosan (CS-Arg) membrane. To evaluate the potential of the prepared nanocomposite membrane in wound dressing application, the surface morphology, hydrophilic, mechanical properties, antimicrobial activity, and cytocompatibility of the resulting nanocomposite membrane were analyzed. The results revealed that prepared nanocomposite membrane exhibited excellent hydrophilic, mechanical strength and antimicrobial activity, which can effectively promote cell growth and adhesion. In particular, using PDA@GO as drug carrier can effectively maintain the activity of antimicrobial peptides, and can maximize the antibacterial properties of the nanocomposite membrane. Finally, we used rat full-thickness wound models to observe wound healing, and the surface interactions between the prepared nanocomposite membrane and the wound. The results indicated that nanocomposite membrane can obviously accelerated wound closure, and the wounds showed reduced inflammation, improved angiogenesis and accelerated re-epithelialization. Therefore, incorporation of antimicrobial peptides-functionalize graphene oxide (ly-PDA@GO) into CS-Arg membrane was a viable strategy for fabricating excellent wound dressing. Together, this study not only prepared a wound dressing with excellent tissue repair ability, but also provided a novel idea for the development of graphene oxide-based antibacterial dressing.
Highlights
As the largest organ of the human body, skin plays an important role in the balance of the internal environment and the protection against microbial invasion [1]
Graphene oxide (GO) was immersed in a dopamine solutions, and dopamine can self-polymerize in an alkaline environment to form a stable PDA coating on the surface of GO
C and O elements were present in all GO and PDA@GO samples, but N element only existed in the PDA@GO and not in GO, which further indicated that successful combination of PDA and GO using in situ polymerization of dopamine
Summary
As the largest organ of the human body, skin plays an important role in the balance of the internal environment and the protection against microbial invasion [1]. Skin wound caused by burn, scalding, laceration, and surgery is one of the most important health problems in the whole world that can occurred in many parts of the body. There is a great demand for wound dressing materials that can speed up wound healing and keep hemostasis, moist environment at the wound, prevent from infection [2]. Skin tissue engineering shows great potential in developing wound dressing for wound treatment. Researchers have been focused on producing various wound dressing materials to promote skin tissue regeneration, such as gelatin, chitosan, collagen, silk fibroin and synthetic polymers [3,4,5,6,7]
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