Abstract
Polystyrene nanospheres in the sizes of 400, 200, and 100 nm were employed as a template to form hexagonal close-packed Ta2O5 nanohoneycombs (nHCs) by means of solution-based nanosphere lithography. Moreover, Au nanoparticle arrays with various diameters were further deposited on the Ta2O5nHCs to achieve surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and enhance visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulation was performed and the result showed that the 100-nm Ta2O5nHCs coupled with smaller Au nanoparticles exhibited more effective localized SPR effect to enclose the Ta2O5 photocatalyst. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution results were consistent with those of FDTD simulation and photoelectrochemical tests. A concept of effective yield ratio is proposed to explain how the Au nanoparticle size and spacing affect the hydrogen evolution efficiency.
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