Enhanced Upconversion Luminescence of Erbium–Nitrogen-Doped Zinc Oxide Nano-Wires by Implantation of Ytterbium Ions

Abstract

ABSTRACT Erbium–nitrogen codoped zinc oxide nanowires of ytterbium-doped are prepared by thermal evaporation and ion implantation methods. Ytterbium ions are doped into nanowires at a fluence of (0, 1, 3, 5, and 9) × 1015 cm−2. Microstructural and optical properties of specimen are investigated by X-ray diffractometer, absorption spectra, Raman, and upconversion photoluminescence examinations. Upconversion photoluminescence emissions at 550 nm and 660 nm are obtained under 980-nm light excitation. Both intensities of green and red peaks are enhanced by the introduction of ytterbium ions. When ytterbium ion fluence is 5 × 1015 cm−2, light emission intensity reaches maximum value. The energy transfer and cross-relaxation processes are responsible for the change of emission intensity.