Enhanced Underwater Balanced Co-operative Routing Protocol

Abstract

Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) is an developing area for research in the wireless sensor networks (WSN) area. The normal method is to adapt for underwater use presently accessible terrestrial architectures and well-proven architectures. Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) have drawn a lot of concentration to help multiple applications such as tracking pollution, tsunami warnings, offshore exploration, tactical tracking, etc. For many applications, the efficiency and reliability of the network in terms of high performance, energy conservation, low bit error rate (BER) and reduced delay are prerequisites. However, UWSN's unique characteristics such as low bandwidth available, big delay in propagation, extremely vibrant network topology, and high probability of error pose many difficulties in the development of effective and reliable communication protocols. Therefore, in this proposed work, along with its mathematical model, we suggest a protocol that focuses on improving network reliability and effectiveness through cooperative routing and sink mobility. For reliable data transmission, cooperative transmission is well known. Based on their residual energy data and depth , prospective relay and target nodes for cooperative routing are chosen in this algorithm. Data from the source node is transferred in a cooperative way to the target node via the relay node. Mobile Sinks collect information straight from the nodes of the location. We consider as selection parameters the depth threshold of the source node, the residual energy of the destination nodes/ potential relay and the SNR of the relating source node to the potential relay / destination node. In this work, two distinct selection criteria for partner nodes are also introduced and contrasted. Partner node selection (relay / destination node) for cooperative routing should be carried out on the grounds of a certain criterion in order to achieve efficient outcomes. Based on the extensive simulations carried out in MATLAB, we note that our suggested method increases performance in terms of energy efficiency, network life and decreases BER relative to the existing depth-based routing protocols.