Abstract
The demand for eco-friendly renewable energy resources as energy storage and management devices is increased due to their high-power density and fast charge/discharge capacity. Recently, supercapacitors have fascinated due to their fast charge–discharge capability and high-power density along with safety. Herein, the authors present the synthesis of 3D-hierarchical peony-like ZnCo2O4 structures with 2D-nanoflakes by a hydrothermal method using polyvinylpyrrolidone. The reaction time was modified to obtain two samples (ZCO-6h and ZCO-12h) and the rest of the synthesis conditions were the same. The synthesized structures were systematically studied through various techniques: their crystalline characteristics were studied through XRD analysis, their morphologies were inspected through SEM and TEM, and the elemental distribution and oxidation states were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). ZCO-12h sample has a larger surface area (55.40 m2·g−1) and pore size (24.69 nm) than ZCO-6h, enabling high-speed transport of ions and electrons. The ZCO-12h electrode showed a high-specific capacitance of 421.05 F·g−1 (31.52 C·g−1) at 1 A·g−1 and excellent cycle performance as measured by electrochemical analysis. Moreover, the morphologic characteristics of the prepared hierarchical materials contributed significantly to the improvement of specific capacitance. The excellent capacitive outcomes recommend the 3D-ZnCo2O4 hierarchical peony-like structures composed of 2D-nanoflakes as promising materials for supercapacitors with high-performance.
Highlights
Over the past few decades, energy management, transportation and combination have become crucial for the rapidly growing market owing to the depletion of fossil fuel and the development of eco-friendly energy resources [1,2,3,4]
SCs are considered promising energy resources owing to excellent reliability, high power density, better setup safety, fast charge/discharge capability and large energy density [8,9,10]
To further understand the processes involved in electrochemical reactions of ZCO-6h and ZCO-12h electrodes, we investigated the dependence between peak current density (i) and scan rate (v) using a power law [45]
Summary
Over the past few decades, energy management, transportation and combination have become crucial for the rapidly growing market owing to the depletion of fossil fuel and the development of eco-friendly energy resources [1,2,3,4]. In this regard, clean, inexpensive, and consistent energy technologies such as batteries, and supercapacitors (SCs) have come into the limelight in our modern day-to-day life [5,6,7]. 3D-well-organized microstructures comprising nanoarchitectures have emerged as encouraging constituents for energy storage applications owing to their robust mechanical stability and a short diffusion path of ions and electrons [33,34]
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