Abstract
Integration of Device-to-Device (D2D) communication into the cellular network can greatly enhance the spectrum utilization as well as creating additional communication opportunities. D2D can be combined with cognitive radio to further enhance spectrum utilization and cellular network performance. Unlike the traditional D2D communication approach which employs only cellular spectrum, cognitive D2D can enable sensing and utilizing non-cellular spectrum opportunistically as well, thus allowing to offload cellular base station traffic to non-cellular spectrum such as WiFi, Bluetooth, or TV white-spaces. Cognitive D2D users (cDUs) must vacate channel for primary users and hand-off to another secondary channel which renders it quite challenging to meet Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of multi-class cDUs in the presence of higher primary network load. In this work, an enhanced hybrid spectrum access scheme has been developed based on non-switching spectrum hand-off for multi-class DUs, utilizing both interweave and hybrid interweave underlay spectrum access strategies. Further, lower priority cDUs with non-real-time traffic remains in the system and wait for channels to become available, rather than being dropped from the system due to lack of secondary channels. A Continuous-Time Markov Chain (CTMC) has been developed to analyze the performance of the proposed scheme. For comparison, several cases, ranging from the simple cellular network to complex cellular-cognitive-D2D with hybrid-spectrum-access, have been analyzed. The main focus of the analysis is to compare the efficacy of enhanced hybrid spectrum access scheme with individual interweave and hybrid interweave underlay spectrum access strategies in terms of QoS provisioning for multi-class cDUs. The results depict improvement in throughput, spectrum utilization, and extended data delivery time for the proposed scheme and validate the suitability of the proposed scheme to meet QoS requirements for both delay-sensitive and delay-tolerant users of the multi-class cognitive D2D communication system.
Highlights
D2D communication is an integral part of 5G cellular networks [1], [2]
An enhanced hybrid spectrum access scheme has been developed as part of this work; the scheme involves non-switching spectrum hand-off for multi-class Cognitive D2D users (cDUs) utilizing both interweave and hybrid interweave underlay spectrum access strategies
To improve spectrum utilization and D2D user experience, we have developed an enhanced hybrid spectrum access scheme which is elaborated in the rest of the work and its organization is as follows: Section III presents a system model for enhanced hybrid spectrum access for multi-class cDUs
Summary
D2D communication is an integral part of 5G cellular networks [1], [2]. In D2D Communication, devices with closed. A. Iqbal et al.: Enhanced Spectrum Access for QoS Provisioning in Multi-Class Cognitive D2D Communication System utilize wireless spectrum more efficiently and independently by sensing cellular network and utilizing unused network resources opportunistically [3]. We have explored cognitive D2D communication for several spectrum access techniques and modeled them using CTMC following non-switching spectrum hand-off. An enhanced hybrid spectrum access scheme has been developed as part of this work; the scheme involves non-switching spectrum hand-off for multi-class cDUs utilizing both interweave and hybrid interweave underlay spectrum access strategies. The results for several performance metrics such as throughput, delay, and spectrum utilization gathered through the detailed analysis validate the suitability of the proposed scheme for QoS provisioning to multi-class cDUs
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