Abstract
Combination of the electromagnetically-induced-transparency (EIT) effect and Rydberg-state atoms has attracted great attention recently due to its potential application in the photon-photon interaction or qubit operation. In this work, we studied the Rydberg-EIT spectra with room-temperature 87Rb atoms. Spectroscopic data under various experimental parameters all showed that the contrast of EIT transparency as a function of the probe field intensity is initially enhanced, reaches a maximum value and then decays gradually. The contrast of spectral profile at the optimum probe field intensity is enhanced by 2–4 times as compared with that at weakest intensity. Moreover, the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectrum can potentially be improved by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude. We provided a theoretical model to explain this behavior and clarified its underlying mechanism. Our work overcomes the obstacle of weak signal in the Rydberg-EIT spectrum caused by an apparent relaxation rate of the Rydberg polariton and weak coupling transition strength, and provides the useful knowledge for the Rydberg-EIT study.
Highlights
Rydberg atom has become a popular research topic in recent decades, especially in the context of quantum information science, thanks to its physical properties
We present the theoretical simulation by solving the optical Bloch equations (OBEs) and Maxwell-Schrödinger equation (MSE)
We systematically investigated the best contrast of EIT peak in different polarization configurations of light fields, coupling field intensities, and Rydberg states
Summary
Rydberg atom has become a popular research topic in recent decades, especially in the context of quantum information science, thanks to its physical properties. The EIT spectrum provides a convenient way to stabilize the laser frequencies based on a high contrast EIT peak[24]. The EIT peak height increased with the probe field intensity has been experimentally observed and theoretically analyzed in a Λ-type open transition EIT system[25, 26]. We report that there exists an optimum probe intensity, which makes EIT peak height reach its maximum value, in a Ξ-type cycling Rydberg EIT transition. We will provide a theoretical model for the observed behavior of the EIT peak height as a function of the probe intensity. The comprehensive feature of EIT effect leads to a better way for locking the upper transition frequency through a high contrast of the Rydberg-state EIT-type spectrum, making it useful for the Rydberg-relevant researches
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