Abstract
The herbicide diuron is hardly soluble in water and most organic solvents and is usually made into a wettable powder or mixed with soil when used, which causes environmental risk and a reduction in herbicidal efficacy. In this study, the physicochemical properties were changed by using β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to encapsulate diuron to form an inclusion complex. Some key technologies, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), were used to characterize the inclusion complex. The stoichiometry of the inclusion complex was determined by recording the 1H NMR spectrum or by using a diagram of inclusion ratios. A phase solubility study proved that the formed inclusion complex exhibited higher water solubility. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated that the formed inclusion complex exhibited better thermal stability. Biological activity studies indicated that the herbicidal activity, in terms of herbicide removal, of the formed inclusion complex was higher than that of the original diuron. In general, the formation of the inclusion complex could reduce the environmental damage caused by diuron and enhance its herbicidal activity, providing an environmentally friendly method for using diuron.
Highlights
IntroductionAs a substitute for urea herbicide, it can be absorbed by the roots and leaves of plants, inhibiting the Hill reaction in photosynthesis to control annual and perennial weeds
Diuron (Figure 1) is a common systemic herbicide
Biological activity studies indicated that the herbicidal activity, in terms of herbicide removal, of the formed inclusion complex was higher than that of the original diuron
Summary
As a substitute for urea herbicide, it can be absorbed by the roots and leaves of plants, inhibiting the Hill reaction in photosynthesis to control annual and perennial weeds. Due to its poor water solubility, it is usually formulated into a certain proportion of wettable powder or mixed with part of the soil and sprayed These methods of use are extremely complicated and cause residues on crops, resulting in abnormal growth of crops, twisted stems and leaves, no flowers, and no fruit, with the yield of crops being reduced. It has a hydrophilic outer surface and a hydrophobic inner cavity. Β-CD can form stable ahas hydrophilic outer surface and a hydrophobic inner cavity. Can form stable supermolecular a hydrophilic outer surface and a hydrophobic inner cavity.
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