Abstract
Membrane is an alternative technology of water treatment with filtration principle that is being widely developed and used for water treatment. The main objective of this study was to make an asymmetric membrane using cellulose acetate polymer and study the effect of additive and annealing treatment on the morphology structure and performance of cellulose acetate membranes in brackish water treatment. Asymmetric membranes for brackish water treatment were casted using a casting machine process from dope solutions containing cellulose acetates and acetone as a solvent. Membranes was prepared by phase inversion method with variation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentration of 1, 3, and 5wt% and the annealing temperature at 60oC and 70oC for 5, 10, and 15 seconds. Membrane characterization consists of calculation of membrane flux and rejection with brackish water as a feed, SEM and FTIR analysis. The research concluded that asymmetric cellulose acetate membrane can be made by dry/ wet phase inversion method. The more added concentration of PEG will be resulted the larger pore of membrane. Meanwhile the higher temperature and the longer time of annealing treatment, the skin layer of membrane become denser. Membrane with the composition of 18 wt% cellulose acetate, 5 wt% PEG, 1 wt% distilled water, with heat treatment at temperature of 70oC for 15 seconds is obtained optimal performance: flux 6.52 L.m -2 .h -1 .bar -1 , 71% of total dissolved solid (TDS) rejection, 63.75% of turbidity rejection, 52.9% rejection of Ca2+, and 41.9% rejection of Mg 2+
Highlights
Membrane is an alternative technology to the water treatment with filtration principle that is being widely developed [1,2]
Membrane technology does not require a lot of equipment because the membrane component is portable so that the investment costs are lower than conventional systems
polyethylene glycol (PEG) is an additive that has hydrophilic characteristic, increasing PEG concentration will lead to the formation of larger macrovoidon the pore structure of the membrane [8]
Summary
Membrane is an alternative technology to the water treatment with filtration principle that is being widely developed [1,2]. Membrane technology is considered to have more advantageous to be applied water treatment because it does not require any necessary chemical additives such as the existing conventional technologies [1]. Membrane technology does not require a lot of equipment because the membrane component is portable so that the investment costs are lower than conventional systems. Research related to the condition of making membrane is still interesting. This is because of the many parameters that affect characteristics of the resulting membrane [3,4]. The combination of various parameters allows obtaining tailor-made membranes that are specific to a particular separation purposes [1]
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