Abstract
The efficient removal of phosphate from water environments was extremely significant to control eutrophication of water bodies and prevent further deterioration of water quality. In this study, oxygen vacancy-rich magnesium oxide (OV–MgO) microspheres were synthesized by a simple solvothermal method coupling high-temperature calcination. The effects of adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial pH and coexisting components on phosphate adsorption performance were examined. The physicochemical properties of OV-MgO microspheres and the phosphate removal mechanisms were analyzed by various characterization techniques. The maximum adsorption capacity predicted by the Sips isotherm model was 379.7 mg P/g for OV-MgO microspheres. The phosphate adsorption in this study had a fast adsorption kinetics and a high selectivity. OV-MgO microspheres had a good acid resistance for phosphate adsorption, but their adsorption capacity decreased under alkaline conditions. The electrostatic attraction, ligand exchange, surface precipitation, inner-sphere surface complexation and oxygen vacancy capture were mainly responsible for efficient removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions. This study probably promoted the development of oxygen vacancy-rich metal (hydr)oxides with potential application prospects.
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