Abstract
Objective: The Okinawa prefectural government conducted enhanced surveillance for the Sixth Worldwide Uchinanchu Festival, with participation of more than 5300 visitors from abroad, many of whom were Okinawan or of Okinawan descent, for early detection of Zika virus disease and other potential public health threat outbreaks. Method: Enhanced surveillance conducted from 12 October through 13 November involved four surveillance systems, (Nursery) School Absenteeism Surveillance system ((N)SASSy), Prescription Surveillance (PS), and Official Syndromic Surveillance (OSS), each of them operates routinely, in addition to case-based and sentinel surveillance under the Infectious Diseases Control Law as Official National Surveillance of Infectious Diseases (ONSID). This enhanced surveillance was conducted for analysis and evaluation, with intensive information sharing among concerned parties. Result: We performed the enhanced surveillance for 33 days from 12 October through 13 November. Information from enhanced surveillance was analyzed and evaluated, and eventually summarized as a daily report. There has been one rubella case at an elementary school in Okinawa City on 20 October and a measles case at an elementary school in Uruma City on 2 November. Those two cases were registered into (N)SASSy on a timely basis. The public health center investigated them quickly, and the measles case was denied later because symptoms did not satisfy with case definition. Discussion: We regard enhanced surveillance as useful to confirm events that might demand a public health response. Moreover, the related including public health centers or medical institutions confirmed the situation as valuable for the administrative structure. However, because almost all (nursery) schools or pharmacies are closed during successive holidays, outbreaks that occur on such days cannot be recognized on a timely basis. More sensitive surveillance for such days, with better preparations for ambulance transfer and at emergency departments in hospitals remains as a challenge for future work.
Highlights
Okinawa hosted the Sixth Worldwide Uchinanchu Festival during 26 - 30 October, 2016
In Japan, enhanced surveillance had been conducted in the past for the Kyushu Okinawa Group of Eight Summit (G8 summit) 2000 [6] [7], the FIFA World Cup 2002 competition [8] [9], the Hokkaido Toyako G8 summit meeting 2008 [10], President Obama’s visit to Japan in 2009 [11], the Yokohama Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) 2010, the Nagoya Tenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP10) 2010 [12], the Fourth Japan-China-South Korea Trilateral Summit in 2011 [13], the Sports Festival in Tokyo 2013 [14] and Ise-Shima G7 summit meeting 2016
This paper summarizes results and offers some advices for enhanced surveillance to be conducted in the near future, including the 2020 Tokyo Olympic and Paralympic games of 2020
Summary
Okinawa hosted the Sixth Worldwide Uchinanchu Festival during 26 - 30 October, 2016 It was attended by more than 5300 visitors from abroad, mainly Okinawan or of Okinawan descent. In Japan, enhanced surveillance had been conducted in the past for the Kyushu Okinawa Group of Eight Summit (G8 summit) 2000 [6] [7], the FIFA World Cup 2002 competition [8] [9], the Hokkaido Toyako G8 summit meeting 2008 [10], President Obama’s visit to Japan in 2009 [11], the Yokohama Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) 2010, the Nagoya Tenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP10) 2010 [12], the Fourth Japan-China-South Korea Trilateral Summit in 2011 [13], the Sports Festival in Tokyo 2013 [14] and Ise-Shima G7 summit meeting 2016
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