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Abstract
Synechocystis strains are cyanobacteria that can produce useful biomaterials for biofuel and pharmaceutical resources. In this study, the effects of exogenous glucose (5-mM) on cell growth, photosynthetic pigments, metabolites, and lipids in Synechocystis sp. PCC 7338 (referred to as Synechocystis 7338) were investigated. Exogenous glucose increased cell growth on days 9 and 18. The highest production (mg/L) of chlorophyll a (34.66), phycocyanin (84.94), allophycocyanin (34.28), and phycoerythrin (6.90) was observed on day 18 in Synechocystis 7338 culture under 5-mM glucose. Alterations in metabolic and lipidomic profiles under 5-mM glucose were investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS) and nanoelectrospray ionization-MS. The highest production (relative intensity/L) of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycerol-3-phosphate, linolenic acid, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) 16:0/18:1, MGDG 16:0/20:2, MGDG 18:1/18:2, neophytadiene, oleic acid, phosphatidylglycerol (PG) 16:0/16:0, and PG 16:0/17:2 was achieved on day 9. The highest production of pyroglutamic acid and sucrose was observed on day 18. We suggest that the addition of exogenous glucose to Synechocystis 7338 culture could be an efficient strategy for improving growth of cells and production of photosynthetic pigments, metabolites, and intact lipid species for industrial applications.
Highlights
Cyanobacteria, blue-green algae, have been used as an alternative biofuel resource with advantages over crops such as high growth rate, photosynthetic efficiency, and ability to utilize non-arable land and water from various sources [1]
Exogenous glucose treatment resulted in the highest PC (84.94 mg/L), APC (34.28 mg/L), and PE
Chlorophyta have the ability to fix CO2 with higher efficiency than terrestrial plants via photosynthesis; microalgae can trap CO2 produced by heterotrophic growth that is utilized for photoautotrophic growth [43]
Summary
Cyanobacteria, blue-green algae, have been used as an alternative biofuel resource with advantages over crops such as high growth rate, photosynthetic efficiency, and ability to utilize non-arable land and water from various sources [1]. Cyanobacterial cultivation with exogenous organic carbon sources, such as glucose, sucrose, acetate, and glycerol, has been shown to be more advantageous for the production of biomass and biomaterials than that under autotrophic conditions [2,3]. Glucose is the most commonly used exogenous carbon source in photoautotrophic organisms, microalgae, and cyanobacteria to increase biomass and valuable compounds [4,5,6,7]. Synechocystis 6803 that was engineered metabolically to synthesize isobutanol showed an increased isobutanol content after adding exogenous glucose, when compared with photoautotrophic conditions [13]. PCC 7338 (referred to as Synechocystis 7338), has not been extensively studied. In our previous preliminary study, we observed that Synechocystis 7338 showed a lower growth rate and a higher production of useful biomaterials per cell than Synechocystis
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