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Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) fabricated from the biodegradable copolymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) were investigated as a drug delivery system to enhance the photodynamic efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) in mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. The PLGA-encapsulated 5-ALA NPs were prepared using binary organic solvent diffusion method and characterized in terms of shape and particle size. The in vivo photodynamic efficiency in Ehrlich ascites-bearing mice was studied. The obtained particles were uniform in size with spherical shape of mean size of 249.5 nm as obtained by particle size analyzer and the in vitro release studies demonstrated a controlled release profile of 5-ALA. Tumor-bearing mice injected with PLGA-encapsulated 5-ALA NPs exhibited significantly smaller mean tumor volume, increased tumor growth delay compared with the control group and the group injected with free 5-ALA during the time course of the experiment. Histopathological examination of tumor from mice treated with PLGA-encapsulated 5-ALA NPs showed regression of tumor cells, in contrast to those obtained from mice treated with free 5-ALA. The results indicate that PLGA-encapsulated 5-ALA NPs are a successful delivery system for improving photodynamic activity in the target tissue.
Highlights
Photodynamic therapy known as PDT, photo-radiation therapy, phototherapy, or photo chemotherapy is a promising treatment for a variety of oncological, cardiovascular, dermatological and ophthalmic diseases
Nanoparticles (NPs) fabricated from the biodegradable copolymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) were investigated as a drug delivery system to enhance the photodynamic efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) in mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma
Tumor-bearing mice injected with PLGA-encapsulated 5-ALA NPs exhibited significantly smaller mean tumor volume, increased tumor growth delay compared with the control group and the group injected with free 5-ALA during the time course of the experiment
Summary
Photodynamic therapy known as PDT, photo-radiation therapy, phototherapy, or photo chemotherapy is a promising treatment for a variety of oncological, cardiovascular, dermatological and ophthalmic diseases. PDT is emerging as an alternative modality for cancer therapy for the treatment of light accessible tumors (Saxena 2005). Photodynamic therapy incorporates a photosensitizer (PS), light source, and oxygen. Interesting with respect to the selectivity for neoplastic tissue, the resulting insolubility in physiologically acceptable media makes the systemic administration of conventional PS problematic and restricts their medical applications (Castano et al 2005; Konan et al 2002). To overcome this limitation, PS have been associated with colloidal carriers such as liposomes, emulsions, microparticles or nanoparticles as reviewed by Konan et al (2002).
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