Abstract
In this study, magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) nanomaterials were synthesized based on covalent binding of amino Fe3O4 nanoparticles onto the graphene oxide (GO), and the prepared MGO was successfully applied as support for the immobilization of laccase. The MGO-laccase was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Compared with free laccase, the MGO-laccase exhibited better pH and thermal stabilities. The optimum pH and temperature were confirmed as pH 3.0 and 35 °C. Moreover, the MGO-laccase exhibited sufficient magnetic response and satisfied reusability after being retained by magnetic separation. The MGO-laccase maintained 59.8% activity after ten uses. MGO-laccase were finally utilized in the decolorization of dye solutions and the decolorization rate of crystal violet (CV), malachite green (MG), and brilliant green (BG) reached 94.7% of CV, 95.6% of MG, and 91.4% of BG respectively. The experimental results indicated the MGO-laccase nanomaterials had a good catalysis ability to decolorize dyes in aqueous solution. Compared with the free enzyme, the employment of MGO as enzyme immobilization support could efficiently enhance the availability and facilitate the application of laccase.
Highlights
Enzymes are biological catalysts with excellent catalysis properties in various fields [1]
Various inorganic and organic nanomaterials such as silica nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles, and metal oxide nanoparticles have been used as carriers to immobilize enzymes [7,8,9,10,11]
After the combination of graphene oxide (GO), it can be clearly seen in Figure 1b that amino Fe3 O4 nanoparticles steadily bound with GO
Summary
Enzymes are biological catalysts with excellent catalysis properties in various fields [1]. Because of the high activity and specificity, enzymes are widely used in industrial biosynthesis and environmental protection [2]. Enzymes are expensive, unstable in complicated solution environments, and difficult to separate from solution. Enzyme immobilization could effectively prolong the activity, improve the stability, and provide the reusability of enzyme [3,4]. Immobilized enzymes showed higher pH and temperature endurance range, satisfied stability, and simple product purification [5,6]. Various inorganic and organic nanomaterials such as silica nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles, and metal oxide nanoparticles have been used as carriers to immobilize enzymes [7,8,9,10,11]
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