Abstract
In the present study, Streptomyces rimosus was confronted with Streptomyces noursei, Penicillium rubens, Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium globosum, or Mucor racemosus in two-species submerged co-cultures in shake flasks with the goal of evaluating the oxytetracycline production and morphological development. The co-culture of S. rimosus with S. noursei exhibited stimulation in oxytetracycline biosynthesis compared with the S. rimosus monoculture, whereas the presence of M. racemosus resulted in a delay in antibiotic production. Different strategies of initiating the “S. rimosus + S. noursei” co-cultures were tested. The improvement in terms of oxytetracycline titers was recorded in the cases where S. noursei was co-inoculated with S. rimosus in the form of spores. As the observed morphological changes were not unique to the co-culture involving S. noursei, there was no evidence that the improvement of oxytetracycline levels could be attributed mainly to morphology-related characteristics.
Highlights
Enhanced Oxytetracycline ProductionActinomycetes representing the genus Streptomyces are remarkably potent bacterial producers of antibiotics [1]
The group of co-culture partners included three species of filamentous fungi classified as Ascomycota, namely Penicillium rubens, Chaetomium globosum, and Aspergillus niger, a fungus representing Zygomycota, namely Mucor racemosus, and Streptomyces noursei, a filamentous microorganism belonging to Actinobacteria
The co-cultures were characterized with respect to antibiotic production (Figure 1a), pH levels (Figure 1b), and the utilization of carbon source (Figure 1c)
Summary
Enhanced Oxytetracycline ProductionActinomycetes representing the genus Streptomyces are remarkably potent bacterial producers of antibiotics [1]. Streptomyces so far, including streptomycin, erythromycin, rapamycin, and neomycin [2] In this large group of structurally and functionally diverse molecules some substances have been investigated for decades, mostly in the context of biosynthetic origins, strain development, and bioprocess optimization. Several recent studies focused on the production of oxytetracycline, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, by Streptomyces rimosus [8,9,10,11]. This species is known to secrete an antifungal substance rimocidin [12,13] and harbors the genetic basis for the desferrioxamine siderophore biosynthesis [14]. Kuhl et al [15] demonstrated that inoculating actinobacteria into the liquid medium containing talc microparticles resulted in morphological and production-related alterations compared to the conventional cultures
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