Abstract
The output power of the light from GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) was enhanced by fabricating gold (Au) nanoparticles on the surface of p-GaN. Quasi-aligned Au nanoparticle arrays were prepared by depositing Au thin film on an aligned suspended carbon nanotube thin film surface and then putting the Au-CNT system on the surface of p-GaN and thermally annealing the sample. The size and position of the Au nanoparticles were confined by the carbon nanotube framework, and no other additional residual Au was distributed on the surface of the p-GaN substrate. The output power of the light from the LEDs with Au nanoparticles was enhanced by 55.3% for an injected current of 100 mA with the electrical property unchanged compared with the conventional planar LEDs. The enhancement may originate from the surface plasmon effect and scattering effect of the Au nanoparticles.
Highlights
Much research has been devoted towards gallium nitride (GaN)-based semiconductor devices, especially in terms of applications for light-emitting diodes (LEDs), which operate in the blue and green wavelength regions
We report a simple method for making quasi-aligned Au nanoparticle arrays on p-GaN surfaces using superaligned multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs)
With an injection current of 100 mA, the EL spectra intensities were enhanced by approximately 55.3% and 41.3% for the Au nanoparticles fabricated from the 2- and 5-nm Au-CNT systems, respectively, compared with the reference conventional planar LEDs
Summary
Much research has been devoted towards gallium nitride (GaN)-based semiconductor devices, especially in terms of applications for light-emitting diodes (LEDs), which operate in the blue and green wavelength regions. In conventional planar LEDs, the light extraction efficiency is limited by several factors including the high refractive index of p-GaN (approximately 2.52), leading to a low total internal reflection (TIR) angle [2]. To enhance the output light power, various approaches, such as surface texturing [3,4], photonic crystals [5,6,7], and metal oxide nanoparticles [8,9,10,11], have been studied. We report a simple method for making quasi-aligned Au nanoparticle arrays on p-GaN surfaces using superaligned multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The LED devices containing quasi-aligned Au particles exhibited efficient electrical properties, and the optical output power was significantly increased compared with devices without Au particles.
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