Abstract
Simultaneous conversion of NO, CO and C3H6 under stoichiometric conditions was carried out on washcoated monoliths containing oxygen storage material (OSM)-promoted mixed Platinum group metals (PGM: Pt(95 %)/Pd(5 %)), to evaluate OSM promotion and to identify the best architecture. The studied OSMs include ceria-zirconia (Ce0.3Zr0.7O2; CZO) and mixed metal oxide spinel (Mn0.5Fe2.5O4; MFO). PGM supported directly on the OSM was found to be the best design for CZO, leading to a ∼70 °C simultaneous decrease in the light-off temperature (T80; feed temperature giving 80 % conversion) for NO, CO and C3H6 conversion compared to the alumina-supported PGM. Close coupling between the PGM and CZO is responsible for the activity promotion. In contrast, a dual-layer architecture (top PGM layer, bottom MFO layer) outperformed the MFO-supported PGM catalyst. The dual-layer PGM-MFO catalyst decreased the T80 by ∼50 °C for NO, CO and C3H6 conversion compared to the PGM-only catalyst. Enhancement obtained with the dual-layer PGM-MFO architecture relies on a direct catalytic contribution from the spinel. During lean/rich modulation the addition of CZO or spinel helps to mitigate the detrimental impact of modulation on NO, CO and C3H6 conversion above 400 °C. The data suggest that both CZO and MFO can buffer lean/rich modulation but exhibit preference to different reductants; CZO-supported PGM and dual-layer PGM-MFO show no conversion decrease during modulation for CO or C3H6 modulation, respectively. Dynamic oxygen storage capacity (DOSC) measurements show that the spinel exhibits ∼10 times higher DOSC than CZO for both CO and C3H6 reductants. Both CO and C3H6 are equally effective reductants for the MFO but CO is better for CZO and PGM-deposited CZO. The study provides useful insight into benefits of OSM and provides guidance for optimization of the multi-component PGM + OSM catalyst composition and architecture.
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