Abstract
Ag-doped SnO2 nanoflowers (NFs) are prepared via a simple one-step hydrothermal method and subsequent Ag-doping using AgNO3 solution as precursors. The crystal structure, morphology and elements of the Ag-doped SnO2 NFs are investigated in detail. The maximal response of Ag-doped SnO2 sensor with 1.0 wt.% Ag doping to 500 ppm methane is increased by a factor of 1.6 as compared to that of pure SnO2 sensor. The long-term stability and the selectivity of the SnO2-based sensor are improved by Ag-doping as well. Meanwhile, pre-adsorption of oxygen molecules on the surface of the SnO2-based substrate is studied in-depth with the method of first-principle calculation. Ag doping lowers adsorption energy for all the adsorption sites, demonstrating a higher adsorption stability of chemisorbed oxygen ions on the Ag-doped SnO2 as compared to the pristine phase. More electron transfer from the semiconductor to the chemisorbed oxygen is revealed by the Mulliken charge analysis and the electron density difference for the Ag-doped SnO2, explaining the better sensitivity of gas sensors based on Ag-doped SnO2 nanostructures as compared to its undoped counterpart.
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