Enhanced interfacial properties of hierarchical MXene/CF composites via low content electrophoretic deposition

Abstract

The weak fiber-matrix interface is a bottleneck hindering the development of carbon fiber composites . In this work, an optimized electrophoretic deposition (EPD) approach was explored to improve the interfacial properties by depositing uniformly two-dimensional MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) nanoparticles onto the surface of carbon fibers (CF). The MXene-CF hybrids were then used to fabricate continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. The results manifested that the presence of MXene nanoparticles on the CF surfaces could significantly increase the fiber surface energy and wettability , as well as their surface roughness. As a result, a remarkable increase of the interfacial strength and flexural properties of CFRP has been observed. The functionalized MXene–CF–epoxy composites witnessed a prominent enhancement of interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), flexural strength and monofilament tensile strength compared to their unfunctionalized counterparts. The versatile EPD strategy proposed herein, constitutes a promising approach for CFRP modification that can lead to significantly improved performance. • A homogeneous MXene attachment to the CF surface was achieved via a novel EPD process. • The EPD technique was optimized to prevent oxidation and agglomeration of MXene nanoparticles. • Enhancements of 75%, 50.4%, and 32.7% in ILSS, flexural strength, and single fiber tensile strength were obtained. • The interfacial strengthening mechanism was ascribed to mechanical interlocking, local stiffening, and hydrogen bonding.