Abstract

In this work, we present the use of hydrothermal strategies to produce hierarchical TiO2 structures (nanoribbons/spherulites) with a rutile single crystalline phase. Using the hydrothermal synthesis, controlling the concentration of Cl- and Sn4+, a high-efficiency system with a rutile crystalline phase was obtained. Using glycerol as a hole-scavenger, promoting the photo(electro)reforming, the prepared photoanodes obtained photocurrent densities of 1.54 mA cm−2 (at 1.23 V vs. RHE) with 0.81 % of applied bias photon-to-current efficiency (ABPE) and photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation of 2.2 mL H2 cm-2h−1, under 1 Sun (AM 1.5G filter, 100 mW cm−2) and longtime stability.

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