Enhanced Healing and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Chitosan-g-Polyacrylamide in a Rat Model of Gingival Ulcers.

Yanfen Zheng,Qiliang Zuo,Guanhong Deng,Hairui Wang,Xiamei Zeng,Lingjie Ke,Yin Lu

doi:10.3389/fchem.2020.00273

Yanfen Zheng, Qiliang Zuo + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2020.00273

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Abstract

Patients in dental hospitals often experience oral ulcerative lesions, which lead to pain and affect the patient's quality of life. At present, the goal of treating oral ulcerative lesions with drugs is to reduce inflammation and promote ulcer healing. However, very few antibacterial and hemostatic drugs are designed to be suitable for the microenvironment of gingival ulcers. Based on this, we have designed a natural therapeutic agent for oral ulcerative lesions that meets the various requirements of oral ulcerative lesion medication. The chitosan-g-polyacrylamide (CP) copolymer is composed of chitosan as the main chain and polyacrylamide polymers as the side chains. Antibacterial experiments show that this polymer can effectively inhibit the proliferation of Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). In vitro cell experiments also show that the CP copolymer is non-toxic, which is conducive to ulcer wound healing. Coagulation experiments prove that the CP copolymer can accelerate blood coagulation to stop bleeding. In experiments using a Wistar rat gingival ulcer model, the CP copolymer significantly promoted ulcer healing and shortened the healing time. These results indicate that the CP copolymer may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for oral ulcerative lesions.

Highlights

Oral ulcerative lesions result in a loss of epithelial tissue in the oral mucosa membrane and are often seen in patients in dental hospitals (Trautwein-Weidner et al, 2015)
DMEM/F-12 culture medium, trypsin-EDTA (0.25%), penicillinstreptomycin, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), and the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining kit were all obtained from Yeasen Biotech Co., Ltd (China)
The CP copolymer was prepared by in-situ free-radical-induced polymerization using TEMED as an accelerator and APS as an initiator in an acetic acid solution (Figure 1)

Summary

Introduction

Oral ulcerative lesions result in a loss of epithelial tissue in the oral mucosa membrane and are often seen in patients in dental hospitals (Trautwein-Weidner et al, 2015). Radiation stomatitis is a radiationinduced disease that generally occurs in patients who have received radiotherapy for head or neck cancer. Severe radiation stomatitis can be seen in 29 to 66% of all head and neck cancer patients after undergoing radiotherapy (Sumita et al, 2014). The extremely painful symptoms associated with these ulcerative diseases may lead to difficulty in chewing, swallowing, and speaking. Such functional limitations may negatively influence the patient’s quality of life (Lee et al, 2016). They are often accompanied by halitosis, nausea, chronic pharyngitis, lymph node swelling, and other complications (McGuire et al, 2013)

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