Abstract
A novel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor with transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and polyaniline (PANI)/chitosan composite for detection of heavy metal ions in an aquatic environment is proposed and analyzed. A novel Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift sensing scheme based on TMDCs and PANI/chitosan structure is proposed. The theory shows that the GH shift can be significantly enhanced in the SPR structure silver (Ag), TMDCs, and PANI/chitosan heterostructures. The refractive index of Cu2+ ion is 1.3516, and the maximum GH shift of the hybrid structure of Ag-MoSe2-PANI/chitosan is−2067 λ at resonance angle 69.19° with MoSe2 4 layers and PANI/chitosan 123 nm. When different Cu2+ ion concentrations are added into the sample layer, the refractive index of the sample and GH shift of the SPR sensor will change. The maximum sensitivity of 2.425 × 106 λ/RIU is obtained by Ag-WSe2-PANI/chitosan structure, which is 463.42 times higher than the traditional SPR Ag film and 112.84 times higher than Ag-PANI/chitosan structure. Therefore, the configuration with GH shift provides a new development direction for the detection of heavy metal ions in an aquatic environment.
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