Enhanced Expression of Thaumatin-like Protein Gene (LeTLP1) Endows Resistance to Trichoderma atroviride in Lentinula edodes.

Xiaolong Ma,Yang Xiao,Gangzheng Wang,Ruiping Xu,Yuhua Gong,Xiaolin Fan,Yinbing Bian,Lianlian Yan,Yan Zhou

doi:10.3390/life11080863

Abstract

Lentinula edodes (shiitake mushrooms) is heavily affected by the infection of Trichoderma atroviride, causing yield loss and decreases quality in shiitake mushrooms. The selection and breeding of fungal-resistant L. edodes species are an important approach to protecting L. edodes from T. atroviride infection. Herein, a highly resistant L. edodes strain (Y3334) and a susceptible strain (Y55) were obtained by using a resistance evaluation test. Transcriptome analyses and qRT-PCR detection showed that the expression level of LeTLP1 (LE01Gene05009) was strongly induced in response to T. atroviride infection in the resistant Y3334. Then, LeTLP1-silenced and LeTLP1-overexpression transformants were obtained. Overexpression of LeTLP1 resulted in resistance to T. atroviride. Compared with the parent strain Y3334, LeTLP1-silenced transformants had reduced resistance relative to T. atroviride. Additionally, the LeTLP1 protein (Y3334) exhibited significant antifungal activity against T. atroviride. These findings suggest that overexpression of LeTLP1 is a major mechanism for the resistance of L. edodes to T. atroviride. The molecular basis provides a theoretical basis for the breeding of resistant L. edodes strains and can eventually contribute to the mushroom cultivation industry and human health.

Highlights

Lentinula edodes, a widely cultivated edible mushroom, is famous for its nutritional properties and pharmacological effects, such as its hypocholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and neuroprotective effects [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
The results indicated that the resistance levels significantly declined when LeTLP1 was silenced in L. edodes
LeTLP1 was found to be more effective than LeTLP (Y55) against the mycelial growth of T. atroviride (Figure 6C)

Summary

Introduction

Lentinula edodes ( known as Xiang Gu or shiitake), a widely cultivated edible mushroom, is famous for its nutritional properties and pharmacological effects, such as its hypocholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and neuroprotective effects [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]. The cultivation, production, and consumption of shiitake are important nowadays in. The white-rot basidioycete L. edodes grows on the wood logs, and it is cultivated on the sterilized sawdust-based substrates [1,9,10]. Making use of sawdust-based cultivation as a replacement for natural logs has contributed to the expansion of the production and consumption of L. edodes [11]. The cultivation of L. edodes is severely affected by the infection of Trichoderma spp., which overgrows mushroom mycelia and kills them, resulting in a reduction in the mushroom yield [12,13]. The green mold disease induced by Trichoderma spp. on L. edodes severely limits the sustainable development of the mushroom industry

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