Abstract
Humans fulfill their daily requirement of vitamin B6, a vital micronutrient for strong metabolism and immunity, from various food components. Bio-fortified wheat, a staple crop, holds the potential to overcome vitamin B6 deficiency. Thus, in the present work, endogenous PDX1 gene was expressed in wheat under endosperm promoter. Calli from immature embryos of two wheat varieties, FSD-08 and Galaxy were transformed via Agrobacterium with transformation efficiency of 1.82% and 1.09%, respectively. After BASTA and PCR confirmation, T1 generation of twenty transgenic lines was analyzed for mRNA expression via quantitative real-time PCR and vitamin B6 levels via HPLC along with various biochemical and morphological traits. The transgenic lines exhibited 1.04–19.46 fold increase in PDX1 gene expression and upto 34.96 fold increase in vitamin B6 content of seeds as compared to control. Enhanced carbohydrate content was observed in half of the transgenics while majority of the lines had insignificant variation in their chlorophyll, protein and starch content. Among the morphological traits studied, only seed yield increased in majority of transgenic lines. In conclusion, over-expression of PDX1 in wheat endosperm successfully augmented vitamin B6 content of seeds without posing adverse effects on biochemical or morphological traits in either varieties.
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