Enhanced energy storage in temperature stable Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-modified BaTiO3-Bi(Zn2/3Nb1/3)O3 ceramics

Abstract

Recently, BaTiO3-BiMeO3 ceramics have garnered focused research attention due to their outstanding performance, such as thermal stability, energy efficiency and rapid charge-discharge behavior, however, a lower recoverable energy storage density (Wrec) caused by a relatively low Pmax (<30 μC/cm2) mainly hinders practical applications. Herein, the energy density and thermal stability are improved by adding a tertiary component, i.e., Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3, into BaTiO3-BiMeO3, resulting in xBi0.5Na0.5TiO3-modified 0.88BaTiO3-0.12Bi(Zn2/3Nb1/3)O3 ceramics, with x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4, with superior dielectric properties and eco-friendly impact. Incorporating Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 with a high saturation polarization and Curie temperature not only significantly enhances Pmax of BaTiO3-Bi(Zn2/3Nb1/3)O3 but also improves Curie temperature of (1-x)[0.88BaTiO3-0.12Bi(Zn2/3Nb1/3)O3]-xBi0.5Na0.5TiO3 system. Combined with complementary advantages, modified ceramics render a superior energy storage performance (ESP) with a high Wrec of 3.82 J/cm3, efficiency η of 94.4% and prominent temperature tolerance of 25–200 °C at x = 0.3. Moreover, this ceramic exhibit excellent pulse performance, realizing discharge energy storage density Wdis of 2.31 J/cm3 and t0.9 of 244 ns. Overall, the proposed strategy effectively improved comprehensive properties of BaTiO3-based ceramics, showing promise in next-generation pulse applications.