Abstract
A single watchful sleep mode (WSM) combines the features of both cyclic sleep mode (CSM) and cyclic doze mode (CDM) in a single process by periodically turning ON and OFF the optical receiver (RX) of the optical network terminal (ONT) in a symmetric manner. This results in almost the same energy savings for the ONTs as achieved by the CSM process while significantly reducing the upstream delays. However, in this study we argue that the periodic ON and OFF periods of the ONT RX is not an energy efficient approach, as it reduces the ONT Asleep (AS) state time. Instead, this study proposes an adaptive watchful sleep mode (AWSM) in which the RX ON time of ONT is minimized during ONT Watch state by choosing it according to the length of the traffic queue of the type 1 (T1) traffic class. The performance of AWSM is compared with standard WSM and CSM schemes. The investigation reveals that by minimizing the RX ON time, the AWSM scheme achieves up to 71% average energy saving per ONT at low traffic loads. The comparative study results show that the ONT energy savings achieved by AWSM are 9% higher than the symmetric WSM with almost the same delay and delay variance performance.
Highlights
The ever-growing use of the Internet in our daily lives is constantly pushing the demand for higher capacity and high-performance optical core [1] and access networks [2].The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 2020 report [3] shows that Internet access at homes increased by 10% compared to 2019
adaptive watchful sleep mode (AWSM) cycle, which consists of the WA and Watch state, is indicated by the LWIONT that is controlled based on the queue length of the type 1 (T1) traffic, as described in previous section, through the sleep buffer approach earlier presented in [46]
The cyclic sleep mode (CSM) scheme shows up to 12%, 10%, 24%, and 24% higher DS and US delay for T1, type 2 (T2), type 3 (T3), and type 4 (T4) traffic classes, respectively, compared to the AWSM scheme with only 5% higher energy savings
Summary
The ever-growing use of the Internet in our daily lives is constantly pushing the demand for higher capacity and high-performance optical core [1] and access networks [2]. Terminal (ONT) located at the user’s home, which provides the user with voice, Ethernet, From the TB, aa video single interface mode aerial cable is to connect to antechnology optical network terminal and possibly for cable. The equivalent IEEE PON uses 1577 nm wavelength for DS and 1270 nm for the US link [5] and is standardized by the standard for XGPON and XGS-PON is 10 G EPON that offers line rates of 10 Gbps/1 Gbps. PON is TWDM PON, termed NGPON2, which uses WDM technology where more links and symmetrical 10 Gbps lines rates. A proposal for XGPON with 25 Gbps line rate and field trials for time and ported [8]; ITU has until now only standardized.
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