Abstract
Although anodized titania nanotubes (TNTs) possess unique advantages as an electrode material, the poor electrical conductivity limits their practical application. We herein report a facile route to enhance electrical conductivity and improve electrochemical behavior by controlling the introduction of substoichiometric titanium oxides (TinO2n-1), which can facilitate charge propagation in TNTs and improve kinetics of ions and electron transport in the electrode. Specific capacitance is as high as 3.77 mF cm−2, which is about 47 times higher than that of the untreated samples (0.08 mF cm−2). Galvanostatic charge-discharge results show TNT arrays-based electrode stable capacitance behavior with excellent capacitance retention even after 1000 continuous charge-discharge cycles at a current density of 50 μA cm−2 in Li2SO4 electrolyte. The ease of synthesis and the superior electrochemical performance suggest a promising application for the TNT arrays-based material in energy storage field.
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