Enhanced Effect of Polyethyleneimine-Modified Graphene Oxide and Simvastatin on Osteogenic Differentiation of Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Jun-Sung Oh,Eun-Jung Lee,Jeong-Sun Park

doi:10.3390/biomedicines9050501

Jun-Sung Oh, Eun-Jung Lee + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9050501

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Journal: Biomedicines	Publication Date: May 2, 2021
Citations: 11	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Dankook University

Abstract

Statin derivatives traditionally have been used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, but recent studies have shown their ability to regulate bone metabolism and promote bone growth. In this study, simvastatin (Sim), a new therapeutic candidate for bone regeneration, was combined with graphene oxide (GO), which has recently attracted much interest as a drug delivery method, to produce a compound substance effective for bone regeneration. To create a stable and homogenous complex with Sim, GO was modified with polyethylenimine, and the effect of modification was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential, and cytotoxicity testing. More specifically, the osteogenic differentiation potential expected by the combination of the two effective materials for osteogenic differentiation, GO and Sim, was evaluated in mesenchymal stem cells. Compared with control groups with GO and Sim used separately, the GO/Sim complex showed excellent osteogenic differentiation properties, with especially enhanced effects in the complex containing < 1 μM Sim.

Highlights

In this study, simvastatin (Sim), a new therapeutic candidate for bone regeneration, was combined with graphene oxide (GO), which has recently attracted much interest as a drug delivery method, to produce a compound substance effective for bone regeneration
Research on more advanced drug delivery technology and new carriers as therapeutic candidates are continuously being pursued for ideal therapeutic outcomes, and two-dimensional (2D) graphene-based materials have recently attracted increasing interest [6,7]
A compound effective in promoting bone differentiation was produced by incorporating graphene with a statin derivative (Sim), an emerging drug candidate for bone regeneration, to evaluate their enhanced effects

Summary

Introduction

Simvastatin (Sim), a new therapeutic candidate for bone regeneration, was combined with graphene oxide (GO), which has recently attracted much interest as a drug delivery method, to produce a compound substance effective for bone regeneration. Its various oxygen-containing groups (C=O, COOH, OH, C-O-C) ensure good suspension stability in water solutions and ready modification and control of the surface for attachment of proteins or drug molecules [10,11,12]. This material has been widely researched in DDS [13,14].

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