Abstract
Dental caries is the most common chronic disease in humans, caused by the acid produced by the microflora in the mouth that dissolves the enamel minerals. Bioactive glass (BAG) has been used in various clinical applications due to its unique bioactive properties, such as bone graft substitutes and dental restorative composites. In this study, we introduce a novel bioactive glass-ceramic (NBGC) prepared through a sol-gel process under a water-free condition. The anti-demineralization and remineralization effects of NBGC were evaluated by comparing the measurements of bovine enamel surface morphology, surface roughness, surface micro-hardness, enamel elements, and mineral content before and after related treatments with a commercial BAG. The antibacterial effect was characterized by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). Results showed that NBGC had greater acid resistance and remineralization potential compared to commercial BAG. The fast formation of a hydroxy carbonate apatite (HCA) layer suggests efficient bioactivity. In addition to its antibacterial properties, NBGC shows promise as an ingredient in oral care products that can prevent demineralization and restore enamel.
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