Enhanced Dielectric Loss and Magnetic Loss Properties of Copper Oxide-Nanowire-Covered Carbon Fiber Composites by Porous Nickel Film

Jun Zeng,Shiquan Zhang,Chaoyi Xu,Huili Dai,Wenyanhong Cai,Long Xia,Jun Xue,Yanhua Tang

doi:10.3389/fmats.2020.00123

Abstract

The porous nickel film with agglomerate nanoparticles and 1.5~2.0 μm in thickness was used to enhance microwave absorption and ferromagnetic properties of nanowire-like copper oxide-covered carbon fiber composites. Firstly, the porous nickel film/carbon fiber composites were prepared by plating route, when the current intensity was 120 mA for 30 min (sample S1) and 40 min (sample S2), respectively. Then, the copper oxide/porous nickel/carbon fiber (CNCF1 and CNCF2) composites were synthetized by electroless deposition copper and thermal oxidation route (the sample S1 and sample S2), respectively. The microwave absorption properties of composites were investigated over frequency range, 1-18 GHz. The results showed that the strongest reflectivity loss (RL) values of CuO/carbon fiber (CCF) and CNCF1-2 composites were -25.93 dB at 3.59 GHz with a matching thickness layer of 2.4 mm, -27.87 dB at 6.67 GHz with a matching thickness layer of 2.5 mm, and -54.82 dB at 9.23 GHz with a matching thickness layer of 2.192 mm. When the RL values of CCF and CNCF1-2 composites were lower than -10 dB, the absorption frequency range from 8.12 to 9.64 GHz (1.52 GHz in absorption bandwidths, 1.5 mm in thickness), 6.45 to 8.81 GHz (2.36 GHz in absorption bandwidths, 2.4 mm in thickness) and 10.51 to 14.35 GHz (3.84 GHz in absorption bandwidths, 1.8 mm in thickness), respectively. Therefore, the CNCF2 composites showed more excellent microwave absorption properties, and are potential microwave absorption candidates for making a thin thickness, strong absorption and wide-frequency.

Highlights

In recent years, the rapid increase in high-frequency circuit devices, electronic systems, and military instruments using electromagnetic waves in the gigahertz (GHz) range has led to a serious problem of electromagnetic interference (EMI)
CNCF composites were prepared by oxidizing Cu-covered Ni/carbon fiber composites in air
The end-plane magnification image of CNCF1 composites showed that the components of the materials were carbon fiber (CF, 7–10 μm in diameter), a nickel film layer (Ni, 1.5–2.0 μm in thickness), and copper oxide film (CuO, 1.0–1.5 μm in thickness) (Figure 1b)

Summary

Introduction

The rapid increase in high-frequency circuit devices, electronic systems, and military instruments using electromagnetic waves in the gigahertz (GHz) range has led to a serious problem of electromagnetic interference (EMI). In order to solve the EMI problem and improve application, wide frequency range, low-density, thin, strongly absorbing, and effective microwave absorption materials have attracted significant attention (Yusoff et al, 2002; Ramprasad et al, 2004; Lakshmi et al, 2009). The relatively narrow absorption frequency range of these microwave absorbers is limiting their practical applications in the military field. Because of its excellent magnetic and microwaveabsorbing properties, nickel (Ni), hollow or porous materials, has been extensively investigated. Wang et al (2013) reported that hollow nickel spheres prepared with electroless deposition and template corrosion methods showed excellent microwave absorption properties. Zhu et al (2015) the use of microwave-assisted synthesis of graphene–Ni composites to enhance microwave absorption properties in the Ku-band. Zhang et al (2019)

Methods

Results

Conclusion