Enhanced Detection of Human Plasma Proteins on Nanostructured Silver Surfaces

Zuzana Orságová Králová,Andrej Oriňák,Jozef Radoňák,Lenka Škantárová,Renáta Oriňáková

doi:10.5772/56940

Abstract

In chemical and medical research, recent methods combine the tools of nanotechnology, chemistry and biology in a way that introduces the most modern processes to current medical practice. The main blood plasma proteins – albumin and globulin and their amino acid sequences, are carriers of important information about human health. In this paper we employed silver nanostructured surfaces prepared by electrodeposition. Consequently, electrochemical deposition is introduced as a convenient, fast and cost-effective method for the preparation of metallic nanostructures with required morphology. Silver nanostructured surfaces were applied as the templates for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) of albumin and globulin in the role of model analytes. We also studied the effect of a working electrode polishing process on electrodeposition and identification of proteins. The aqueous solutions of albumin and globulin were applied onto these Ag nanostructured substrates separately. An analytical signal enhancement factor of 3.6×102 was achieved for a band with a Raman shift of 2104cm-1 for globulin deposited onto silver nanostructured film on unpolished stainless steel substrate. The detection limit was 400μg/mL. Plasma or serum could present a preferable material for noninvasive cancer disease diagnosis using the SERS method.

Highlights

There were an estimated 12.7 million cancer cases around the world in 2008, of these 6.6 million cases were in men and 6.0 million in women
In our research we focused on Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) analysis and identification of the blood plasma proteins ‐ albumin and globulin on silver nanostructured surfaces, which were prepared by electrodeposition
Various types of silver nanostructured surfaces were electrochemically synthesized from electrolytes (0.1mol/L KNO3, 0.1mol/L KCN and 0.01mol/L AgNO3) by Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) preparation

Summary

Introduction

There were an estimated 12.7 million cancer cases around the world in 2008, of these 6.6 million cases were in men and 6.0 million in women. This number is expected to increase to 21 million by 2030 [1]. Used nanostructured polymer surfaces for microfluidic label‐free separation of human breast cancer cells by adhesion difference [2]. In this way, the application of nanostructured surfaces meets the basic requirements that are demanded for diagnosis i.e., speed [3], accuracy and cost‐efficiency [4]. In comparison to nanoparticles, nanostructured surfaces have several important advantages.

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Conclusion