Abstract
The current study investigates the decolorization of Indanthrene Blue RS dye and the optimization of process parameters needed for effective decolorization by the bacterial consortium. The pure culture of strain TS8, PMS, and NCH has been isolated from the textile wastewater sample collected from local textile processing units outlet and dye contaminated soil from Odisha, India. A bacterial consortium-BP of Bacillus flexus TS8 (BF), Proteus mirabilis PMS (PM), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCH (PA) were developed. The physicochemical parameters were optimized to attain maximum decolorization efficacy. Degradation of Indanthrene Blue RS and the formation of metabolites were confirmed through UV–vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, and GC–MS analysis. The developed consortium-BP showed an enhanced decolorization of Indanthrene Blue RS dye with an Average decolorization rate of 11,088 µg h−1 within 9 h compared to the individual strains under aerobic conditions. The supplementation of agricultural residual wastes showed increased decolorization efficiency of consortium-BP. Higher reduction in TOC and COD removal (≥ 80%) determined the mineralization of Indanthrene Blue RS by consortium-BP. Significant induction of various oxidoreductive enzymes in consortium-BP compared to that of Individual strains indicates their involvement in the overall decolorization and degradation process, with the higher protein concentration in the intracellular enzymes. Studies on the phytotoxicity effect revealed the non-toxic nature of the degraded products formed on mineralization of Indanthrene Blue RS by consortium-BP. This study represents a new approach for enhanced biodegradation using consortium-BP in treating textile wastewaters containing anthraquinone dyes.
Highlights
The current study investigates the decolorization of Indanthrene Blue RS dye and the optimization of process parameters needed for effective decolorization by the bacterial consortium
The present study addresses the bacterial decolorization of Indanthrene Blue RS anthraquinone dye and optimizes the parameters required by the bacterial consortium to decolorize the dye effectively
The results showed that consortium-BP could completely decolorize Indanthrene Blue RS within 9 h with a maximum Average decolorization rate (ADR) of 11,088 μg h−1, compared to that of B. flexus (4083 μg h−1) in 24 h, P. mirabilis (3833 μg h−1) in 20 h, and P. aeruginosa (3708 μg h−1) in 14 h
Summary
The current study investigates the decolorization of Indanthrene Blue RS dye and the optimization of process parameters needed for effective decolorization by the bacterial consortium. Several conventional physicochemical methods, such as physical methods (i.e., coagulation or adsorption on activated carbon) and chemical methods (electrolysis, advanced oxidation, reverse osmosis, and ozonation process), were used in decolorizing textile w astewater[10] These methods have several drawbacks, such as not being economically feasible, incomplete removal of the recalcitrant dyes and their metabolites, and increased sludge. Some researchers developed a bacterial consortium using Bacillus cereus (BN-7), Pseudomonas putida (BN-4), Pseudomonas fluorescens (BN-5), and Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila (BN-3) They found that the developed consortium showed an increased decolorization efficiency of 78–99% with the dye concentration of 60 mg L−1 (acid red-88, acid red-119, acid red-97, and acid blue-113) within 24 h, suggesting three times higher decolorization efficiency than the individual s train[24]
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