Abstract
Cr8O21 can be used as the cathode material in all-solid-state batteries with high energy density due to its high reversible specific capacity and high potential plateau. However, the strong oxidation of Cr8O21 leads to poor compatibility with polymer-based solid electrolytes. Herein, to improve the cycle performance of the battery, Al2O3 atomic layer deposition (ALD) coating is applied on Cr8O21 cathodes to modify the interface between the electrode and the electrolyte. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, etc., are used to estimate the morphology of the ALD coating and the interface reaction mechanism. The electrochemical properties of the Cr8O21 cathodes are investigated. The results show that the uniform and dense Al2O3 layer not only prevents the polyethylene oxide from oxidization but also enhances the lithium-ion transport. The 12-ALD-cycle-coated electrode with approximately 4 nm Al2O3 layer displays the optimal cycling performance, which delivers a high capacity of 260 mAh g−1 for the 125th cycle at 0.1C with a discharge-specific energy of 630 Wh kg−1.
Highlights
Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) based on inorganic transition-metal oxide cathodes, graphiticcarbon anodes, and organic-liquid electrolytes [1] are widely applied in many fields, including portable electronic devices, power tools, electric vehicles (EV), and large-scale energy storage stations due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and low self-discharge rate [2]
The dense Al2O3 layer was evenly coated on the surface of the Cr8O21 electrode
The Al2O3 layer prevents the direct contact between the Cr8O21 electrode and the Polyethylene oxide (PEO) film; the oxidation of the PEO electrolyte
Summary
Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) based on inorganic transition-metal oxide cathodes, graphiticcarbon anodes, and organic-liquid electrolytes [1] are widely applied in many fields, including portable electronic devices, power tools, electric vehicles (EV), and large-scale energy storage stations due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and low self-discharge rate [2].the commercialized LIBs still cannot meet the increasing demand for energy storage devices with long cycle life and high energy density for EVs with longer cruising distances.The energy density of lithium-ion batteries mainly depends on the cathode materials.The state-of-the-art LIB cathodes include Li transition-metal oxides and Li transition-metal phosphates [3], which show a capacity of less than 250 mAh g−1. Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) based on inorganic transition-metal oxide cathodes, graphiticcarbon anodes, and organic-liquid electrolytes [1] are widely applied in many fields, including portable electronic devices, power tools, electric vehicles (EV), and large-scale energy storage stations due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and low self-discharge rate [2]. The energy density of lithium-ion batteries mainly depends on the cathode materials. The energy density above 300 Wh kg−1 is desired to increase the driving range and to decrease the cost [4]. To achieve this target, the specific capacity of the cathode material should reach
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