Abstract
Modification of a commercial iron oxide ion exchanger (Arsen Xnp) was carried out to enhance the removal of arsenic(V) ions. The modification consisted of the adsorption of lanthanum(III) ions on the Arsen Xnp surface. After adsorption, the material was dried at 313 K to obtain the modified ion exchanger Arsen Xnp-La(III). The modification process itself was tested for optimal pH, kinetics, and equilibrium adsorption isotherm study. Accurate sorbent characteristics were made using, among others, SEM, FTIR, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms. Then, various tests were carried out to compare the adsorption properties of the modified and unmodified material. It turned out that the tested material was able to completely remove arsenic from an aqueous solution with an initial concentration of up to 50 mg/dm3. Without modification, it was not possible to reach the WHO recommended 10 μg/dm3 arsenic limit even at an initial concentration of 25 mg/dm3. Moreover, the maximum sorption capacity increased from 22.37 to 61.97 mg/g after modification (3 times greater than before modification). It is worth noting that the process of removing arsenic on Arsen Xnp-La(III) is fast—equilibrium is reached after about 120 min. Under almost neutral conditions, precipitation and adsorption can be the main mechanisms of As(V) removal. After modification, the removal capacity was enhanced by the co-precipitation and adsorption by exchange of the OH– group with arsenic ions. Such La(III) based adsorbent can be successfully applied in wastewater purification and displays superior performance for removing arsenic.
Highlights
Arsenic is an element known for its toxicity
In order to increase As(V) sorption capacity, the modification of the sorbent consisted in adsorption of lanthanum(III) ions from aqueous solution (t = 6 h, co = 100 mg/dm3 ) and drying the sorbent at
After the adsorption of As(V) process, morphology of Xnp -La(III) changes to be more “fluffy” to the results presented in the paper by Vijaykumar et al [21]
Summary
Arsenic is an element known for its toxicity. It is found in South and North America, Europe, Australia and Africa, but the largest problem occurs in the areas of southern and south-east Asia where the maximum permissible level of arsenic is largely exceeded [1,2]. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, the admissible content of arsenic in drinking water is 10 μg/dm. More than 100 million people around the world are at risk of its exposure. 45 million people from developing Asian countries are still exposed to arsenic concentration greater than 50 μg/dm. High-efficiency and cost-effective technologies have been needed to treat and remove arsenic from drinking water
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