Abstract
The synthesis of multifunctional photothermal nanoagents for antibiotic loading and release remains a challenging task in nanomedicine. Herein, we investigated a simple, low-cost strategy for the preparation of CuS-BSA nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with a natural enzyme, lysozyme, as an antibacterial drug model under physiological conditions. The successful development of CuS-BSA NPs was confirmed by various characterization tools such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Lysozyme loading onto CuS-BSA NPs was evaluated by UV/vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential, and dynamic light scattering measurements. The CuS-BSA/lysozyme nanocomposite was investigated as an effective means for bacterial elimination of B. subtilis (Gram-positive) and E. coli (Gram-negative), owing to the combined photothermal heating performance of CuS-BSA and lysozyme release under 980 nm (0.7 W cm−2) illumination, which enhances the antibiotic action of the enzyme. Besides the photothermal properties, CuS-BSA/lysozyme nanocomposite possesses photodynamic activity induced by NIR illumination, which further improves its bacterial killing efficiency. The biocompatibility of CuS-BSA and CuS-BSA/Lysozyme was elicited in vitro on HeLa and U-87 MG cancer cell lines, and immortalized human hepatocyte (IHH) cell line. Considering these advantages, CuS-BSA NPs can be used as a suitable drug carrier and hold promise to overcome the limitations of traditional antibiotic therapy.
Highlights
Infection by bacteria is a serious concern to human health
The morphology of CuS-BSA nanoparticles was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis (Figure 1)
CuS-BSA NPs were successfully synthesized via a facile method to develop a modulated photothermal and photodynamic agent as well as a drug carrier
Summary
Infection by bacteria is a serious concern to human health. Currently, the use of antibiotics remains the main treatment of infections caused by bacteria. The aim of this study relies on a facile synthesis of CuS-BSA NPs platform with good dispersibility, stability, and biocompatibility for effective loading and controlled release of lysozyme under a 980 nm NIR laser, in order to extend its antibacterial action, enhance its stability, and minimize the drug resistance behavior of bacteria. Under NIR irradiation, lysozyme is released from the CuS-BSA NPs and causes eradication of bacteria, while under the same conditions, the NPs show no toxic effect on mammalian cells These fascinating highlights are encouraging for the particular treatment of infectious diseases caused by bacteria, as well as the use of multifunctional nanomaterials in drug delivery and biomedical applications, by offering outstanding benefits to overcome bacterial resistance over classical antibiotics
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