Enhanced ammonia sensitivity electrochemical sensors based on PtCu alloy nanoparticles in-situ synthesized on carbon cloth electrode

Abstract

The alloying of Pt with transition metals is significant in boosting the performance of Pt-based electrochemical sensors. In this paper, Platinum and copper alloy nanoparticles (PtCu NPs) were in-situ loaded on carbon cloth (CC) by electrochemical deposition to obtain a self-supported electrode (PtCu-CC) for electrochemical detection of ammonia. The alloying of Pt and Cu reduced the crystal lattice spacing of Pt and improved the catalytic performance of ammonia. Therefore, the PtCu-CC electrode displayed visibly enhanced ammonia detection performance compared with the Pt-CC electrode and commercial Pt electrode. The linear range for ammonia determination was from 0.5 to 40 and 40–500 μM, and the sensitivity of the Pt7Cu1-CC sensor was 9.5 μA μM−1 cm−2 and 0.778 mA lg μM−1 cm−2, respectively. The detection limit was 8.6 ± 0.32 nM, and the quantification limit was 28.67 ± 0.73 nM. The developed sensor shows good anti-interference capability, reproducibility and stability; in addition, it exhibited good capacity in the actual water sample test. PtCu alloy nanoparticles were applied to ammonia detection in water, which may broaden the ways of ammonia detection in water.