Abstract
Interactions of energetic ions with a shock wave propagating obliquely to a magnetic field are studied by means of a one-dimensional, relativistic, electromagnetic, particle simulation code with full ion and electron dynamics. It is found that energetic ions that barely enter the shock region can be accelerated by the transverse electric field. At the same time, their parallel momenta are increased by the magnetic field. Because of this, after the encounter with the shock wave, some of the energetic ions can move with it for long periods of time during which they undergo the acceleration repeatedly. These particles eventually go away from the shock wave to the upstream region, and their acceleration ceases.
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