Enhanced ablation of a vertical ice wall due to an external freshwater plume

Abstract

We investigate the effect of an external freshwater plume on the dissolution of a vertical ice wall in salty water using laboratory experiments. We measure the plume velocity, the ablation velocity of the ice and the temperature at the ice wall. The freshwater volume flux, $Q_{s}$, is varied between experiments to determine where the resultant wall plume transitions from being dominated by the distributed buoyancy flux due to dissolution of the ice, to being dominated by the initial buoyancy flux, $B_{s}$. We find that when $B_{s}$ is significantly larger than the distributed buoyancy flux from dissolution, the plume velocity is uniform with height and is proportional to $B_{s}^{1/3}$, the interface temperature is independent of $B_{s}$, and the ablation velocity increases with $B_{s}$.