Abstract
BackgroundEngrailed 1 (EN1), as a member of homeobox-containing transcription factors, participates in the development of the brain. High expressions of EN1 exist in various tumors. However, the role of EN1 in lower grade glioma (LGG) is still unknown.MethodsCoefficients of Cox regression were examined by data mining among 13 cancer types using OncoLnc to validate EN1 expressions in LGG patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA). Bioinformatic analysis was performed by using R2 and the UCSC Xena browser based on the data from 273 glioma cases in GSE16011 from GEO datasets and 530 cases of LGG patients in TCGA. Cases in GSE16011 were divided into two groups according to IDH1 mutation status. Cases in TCGA-LGG were classified to subtypes according to histopathological results, IDH1 mutation status and 1p19q status. The Kaplan–Meier survival curves were performed to analyze the relationship between EN1 expressions and clinicopathological characteristics and survival time respectively.ResultsCox regression results showed that LGG was ranked statistically first among 13 different cancer types according to the false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Results from GSE16011 showed that: glioma, LGG and LGG with IDH1 mutation patients with high EN1 expressions had significantly shorter 5, 10, and 15-year overall survival time (OS) (p < 0.001). Similar results from TCGA-LGG showed that LGG patients with high EN1 expressions had significantly shorter 15-year OS, irrespective of IDH1 mutation and 1p19q co-deletion (p < 0.001). The astrocytoma subgroup showed highest levels of EN1 expression and shortest 5, 10 and 15-year OS compared with oligoastrocytoma and oligodendroglioma (p < 0.05).ConclusionEN1 can be used as a prognostic marker in LGG patients, combined with IDH1 mutation and 1p19q co-deletion.
Highlights
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors and can be divided into four grades based on the classification scheme of the World Health Organization (WHO)
The results showed that Engrailed 1 (EN1) expression in lower grade glioma (LGG) was ranked statistically first among 13 different cancer types according to false discovery rate (FDR) correction (Fig. 1A)
High EN1 expression might be an indicator of poor overall survival time (OS) in patients with glioma and LGG
Summary
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors and can be divided into four grades based on the classification scheme of the World Health Organization (WHO). LGGs may sometimes even transform to high grade gliomas (HGGs). With combined and available treatments, 10-year survival rate of patients with LGGs is still lesser than 50% (Shaw, Scheithauer & O’Fallon, 1997). With the development of research on the causes and mechanism of glioma, lots of oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes have been found. They can promote or inhibit the growth and progress of the tumor through various pathways. IDH1 mutation and loss of 1p/19q in LGG patients usually comply to longer overall survival (OS) (Izquierdo et al, 2018). By data mining in large micro-array datasets, we characterized the expression profile of EN1 in LGGs with histological subtypes, IDH1 mutation and 1p19q co-deletion status to assess the associations between EN1 expression and OS
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
