Abstract
The roots of kiwi (Actinidia arguta (Sieb.et Zucc.) Planch) have medicinal uses as anti-tumour, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory agents. We aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of the major fractions of kiwi roots. The ethanolic extract of the plant roots was partitioned using a liquid–liquid extraction procedure to give five major fractions. Following phytochemical screening of isolated fractions, the total extract and each fraction were evaluated for their antinociception and anti-inflammatory effects using acetic acid, hot plate test, formalin and carrageenan-induced paw edema tests, respectively. The results indicated that the total extract, ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) and n-butanol fraction (BF) exhibited significant inhibition of acetic acid-induced writhing, and both phases of the formalin-induced pain response increased in time of response to thermal stimulation in hot plate test and exhibited significant dose-related inhibition of carrageenan induced paw oedema volumes when compared with the control group. It can be concluded that the flavonoid and saponin content of kiwi roots can be responsible for antinociception and anti-inflammatory effects of the plant, respectively. Key words: Actinidia arguta, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, flavonoid, saponin.
Highlights
Actinidia arguta (Sieb.et Zucc.) Planch belongs to Actinidia genus in the family of Actinidiaceae, which is a large deciduous vine
In the acetic acid-induced writhing mice (Table 2), the total extract, ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), n-butanol fraction (BF), at the doses used, exhibited a significant analgesic effect after oral administration in mice submitted to acetic acid-induced writhing when compared with control group (p < 0.001)
This study investigated the antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effects of kiwi roots in three analgesic models: acetic acid-induced writhing model, hot plate test and formalin-induced licking model for assessing antinociceptive effect as well as carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model for assessing anti-inflammatory
Summary
Actinidia arguta (Sieb.et Zucc.) Planch belongs to Actinidia genus in the family of Actinidiaceae, which is a large deciduous vine. The fruits of A. arguta (Sieb.et Zucc.) Planch (kiwi fruit) are edible, but interestingly, the roots of kiwi, which are called Tengligen usually, are used to treat tumors of the alimentary canal widely in traditional Chinese medicine, such as gastric cancer, esophagus cancer, liver cancer etc. Zhang et al (2007) and Guo et al (2011) reported that the extracts from Tengligen by nbutyl alcohol had good inhibitory effect on human carcinoma of esophagus cells (Eca-109). Sun et al (2011) have reported that the extracts from Tengligen by ethyl acetate could induce the apoptosis of EC109 cell in a dose-and time-dependent manner in vitro. The extracts could down regulate the expression of Bcl-2, up regulate the expression of Bax protein level and increase intercellular calcium which promotes apoptosis. Lou et al (2009) notified that the fraction extracted by
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