Abstract
Urtica urens is classified into the sub family of Rosales, belonging to the Urticaceae family. Their well-established beneficial properties to human health were mainly related to their phenolic content. Nettle extracts showed that an antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials. Among the different nettle extracts methanol extract (EMO) has the highest phenolic content (86.5±1.36 mg EGA/g DM) and lowest value was observed in the water extract (EAO) (43.915 ± 19.95 mg EAG/g DM). The stronger inhibitory effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil radicals (DPPH•) corresponds to those obtained from methanol extract. A comparative analysis between two fungi Penicelleum notatum and Fusarium oxysporum, showed a decrease growth rate and was monitored at the range of 1 to 2.5 mg/ml. Complete growth inhibition of these two fungi was obtained at the concentrations of 5, 10, and 15 mg/ml of water extract (EAO). The antibacterial activity was also significant while addition of the nettle extracts and depends on the strain tested. Gram positive bacterial strains (Enterococcus faecalis and Enterecoccus faecium) showed higher sensitivity to the extracts, in comparison with Gram negative strains Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. The antioxidant activities were correlated (r2> 0.9) with the phenolic content, suggesting that the phenolic content are playing major role in scavenging free radicals. Our total findings suggest that the Nettle (Urtica urens) extract has important antioxidant and antimicrobial activities which is positively correlated with its phenolic content. Key words: Urtica urens, polyphenol, antioxidant, antimicrobial and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil radicals (DPPH•).
Highlights
All living beings have a primary metabolism which provides the basic molecules from where secondary metabolites are produced through the subsequent chemical reactions
The main aim of this study is to evaluate the potentials of U. urens as a new source of natural phenolic compounds and its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities
Antioxidants act by trapping free radicals to isolate their single electrons and transforming later in stable molecules or ions
Summary
All living beings have a primary metabolism which provides the basic molecules (carbohydrates, amino acids, nucleic acids, proteins, lipids etc.) from where secondary metabolites are produced through the subsequent chemical reactions. There is no doubt that plants are a good source of biologically active natural products. Locate required activities (Beart et al, 1985). The preservative effect of many plant species and herbs suggests the presence of antibacterial and antioxidant constituents in their tissues 2 0 1 5 ; Kukrić et al, 2012; Singh et al, 2012; Hirasa and Takemasa., 1998) The preservative effect of many plant species and herbs suggests the presence of antibacterial and antioxidant constituents in their tissues (Bobis et al, 2015; Chewetal . , 2 0 1 5 ; Kukrić et al, 2012; Singh et al, 2012; Hirasa and Takemasa., 1998)
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