Abstract
Cadmium produces a wide range of biological dysfunctions in human and laboratory animals where it chiefly affects the testes, whereas, Carpolobia lutea has been known to have antioxidant benefits. This study was intended to investigate the effects of Carpolobia lutea root extracts on testicular hormone function in cadmium-challenged male rats. 48 male Wistar rats (170-190 g) were divided into six groups, each containing eight rats. Experimental animals in control (Group 1) were given 0.2ml/kg body weight (BW) of 10% tween 80; Group two were administered 1mg/kg BW of cadmium (i.p); Group 3 were given 1mg/kg BW of cadmium (i.p) + 100mg/kg BW extract; Group four took 1mg/kg BW of cadmium (i.p) + 200mg/kg BW extract while Group five and six got 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg BW extract respectively. The administration of vehicle and extract was conducted orally for six weeks. Testicular activity of 17 beta-hydrosteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) and serum testosterone, luteinizing and follicle stimulating hormone (LH, FSH) levels were evaluated. Findings indicated that cadmium statistically (p<0.05) lowered testicular 17β-HSD activity and serum testosterone, LH and FSH levels when compared with those of the control group animals. However, Carpolobia lutea and its co-administration notably (p<0.05) elevated the activity of testicular 17β-HSD and levels of serum testosterone, LH and FSH. The study suggests that Carpolobia lutea extract plays a protective function in ameliorating testicular damage caused by cadmium in rats. This is probably due to the extract’s potential in the management of testicular dysfunction and fecundity in animals. Key words: Carpolobia lutea, polygalaceae, cadmium, 17 beta-hydrosteroid dehydrogenase, testicular function.  
Highlights
Life is scheduled by nature from the least microbe to the highest whale to have one basic quest, which is to recreate
The roots of C. lutea were obtained from Ijare, a village at Akure, Ondo state and authenticated at Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN), Ibadan, Nigeria where a Voucher number 109784 was designated to the specimen of C. lutea
Testicular 17 beta-hydrosteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) activity was substantively (p
Summary
Life is scheduled by nature from the least microbe to the highest whale to have one basic quest, which is to recreate. Rodent testes are especially sensitive to the deleterious effects of Cd exposure This is because Cd impairs reproductive capacity by causing severe testicular degeneration, seminiferous tubule damage and necrosis in rats (Burukoglu and Baycu, 2008). Dare et al (2015) reported that combined administration of C. lutea methanol root extract at 40 and 80 mg/kg body weight and sildenafil attenuated reproductive function impairment in male rabbit while Yakubu and Jimoh (2015) saw that 47, 94 and 141 mg/kg body weight of C. lutea aqueous root extract reinstated testicular function and sexual capacity in paroxetinechallenged male rats Despite these streams of fertility findings, there is need to carry out scientific investigation on the male sexual ability of the plant at ethnobotanically acclaimed doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight on toxicity caused by cadmium in rats. This study seeks to evaluate the androgenic and testicular effect of methanol extract of C. lutea root on cadmium-challenged rats
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