Abstract
Thirty-eight high and low cyanide cassava genotypes were evaluated for growth and yield. The experiment was fitted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant difference (P<0.05) in growth and yield parameters, indicating strong genetic variations among the genotypes. Significant (P<0.05) highest average storage root weight of 1.5 and 1.8 kg were obtained from TMS 94/0035 (high cyanide cassava genotype) and TMS 98/0505 (low cyanide cassava genotype), respectively. Correlation analyses indicated significant (P<0.05) and positive associations between number of storage roots per plant, average storage root weight and root yield in the two types of cassava genotypes tested, indicating that the parameters are good indices that can be improved upon during breeding and selection to enhance root yield. Four high cyanide cassava genotypes (TMS 99/2123, TMS 96/1642, TMS 98/0068 and TMS 94/3200i´? were outstanding in fresh root yield performance. To improve fresh root yield in cassava, the inter-relationships among the various agronomic character of the cassava genotypes demands appropriate attention. The study gives more information on the improvement of fresh storage root yield of cassava. Key words: High cyanide cassava genotypes, low cyanide cassava genotypes, correlations, growth, yield.
Highlights
In the humid and sub-humid topics, cassava, which is one of the most important food crops play a dominant role in the rural economy and food security of the people living there
The Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that there was significant difference (P
TMS 99/2123, TMS 98/0581, and TMS 97/4779 cassava genotypes were significantly (P0.05) had the lowest number of leaves per plant (52.0) relative to the other cassava genotypes
Summary
In the humid and sub-humid topics, cassava, which is one of the most important food crops play a dominant role in the rural economy and food security of the people living there. The root crop is characterized by the presence of cyanoglycosides (linamarin and lotoaustralin), which make both the roots and leaves potentially toxic to man and animals (Padmaja, 1995). Santana et al (2002) in their physiological studies on cassava reported that the content and quantity of cyanoglycosides in cassava roots depend on the genotypes and the growth conditions the plants are exposed to such as drought and soil composition. Eke-Okoro (2000) assessed the photosynthetic efficiency and productivity of low and high cyanide cassava genotypes and reported that high cyanide cassava genotypes had better photosynthetic efficiency and higher storage root yield than low cyanide cassava genotypes. Cassava genotypes with profuse branching characters have the tendency to produce higher fresh root yield than the less branching types (Eke-Okoro et al, 2001)
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