Abstract
Optimization of planting dates under any climatic conditions is pre-requisite to improve the yield and quality of the major and minor crops. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of various mungbean cultivars for morpho-physiological and yield traits under different planting dates. In this pot study twenty mungbean cultivars (MGP-17, DM-D4, C5/95-3-31, C6/95-3-8, 5-63-94, TM-1407, MGP-01, NM-11, MGP-41, 5-63-1, MGP-16, NM20-21, MUNG-88, NM-121-25, RAMZAN, NM-2016, NM-19-19, 1099, NM-51 and NM13-1) were planted on July 01 and August 01. Results revealed that various planting dates significantly affected all the attributes, however, genotypic variation was observed among the cultivars. Delayed planting reduced the stand establishment attributes as mean germination time (1.90%), germination index (3.10%), final germination percentage (7.34%), seedling growth including shoot length (14.88%), root length (23.31%), number of leaves (23.04%), leaf area (5.74%) and number of nodules (13.02%). Likely, gas exchange traits including photosynthetic rate (15.71%), transpiration rate (17.09%), sub-stomatal CO2 concentration (2.39%), stomatal conductance (30.56%), SPAD chlorophyll contents (7.42%) and water use efficiency (3.28%) were also reduced. Among morphological traits, various planting dates also reduced the number of pods per plant (5.04%), length of the pod (5.69%), number of grains per pod (28.68%) and 1000-grains weight (7.05%). Differential responses of all the mungbean cultivars were observed for all the pragmatic traits. Delayed planting significantly reduced the morpho-physiological and yield attributes of all mungbean cultivars. However, two mungbean cultivars (NM-121-25 and NM-2016) relatively performed better with minimum reductions in growth, yield and physiological attributes even in delayed planting while the DM-D4 and TM-1407 were found to be the most sensitive in delayed planting than other tested cultivars. Therefore, mungbean cultivars NM-121-25 and NM-2016 can be sown in late sown conditions to get higher yield. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
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