Abstract
Flower and pod abortions in large quantities are commonly observed in soybean plants. In normal conditions of crop cultivation, flower abortion is commonly above 60%. Among the strategies that may promote great flower and pod set in soybean, there is the use of plant growth regulators and foliar applications of calcium. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different doses of plant growth regulator and the calcium sprayed on the agronomic performance of soybean plants. Five doses of systemic bioregulator (cytokinin) and five doses of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) were applied in a 5 x 5 factorial arrangement with four replications field implemented in randomized block design. Soybean plant biometrics, the calcium content in different plant parts and crop yield were recorded. None of the treatments had a significant effect on the characteristics observed. The result was probably due to adequate conditions that prevailed during the soybean cropping cycle. In fact, flower and pod abortions happen when plants experience water stress during the flowering period. This lack of any treatment effect indicated the importance of regular and trustful monitoring of crop important variables to prevent routine applications of growth regulator and calcium. Key words: Glycine max, cytokinin, calcium carbonate, plant biometrics, crop yield.
Highlights
Brazil is the world's second-largest producer of soybeans, with an estimate of 215 million tones for the 2018/2019 harvest (CONAB, 2019), and there is perspective to overtake the USA soybean production in the years becoming the largest soybean producer in the world
Flowers set in Glycine max is controlled by relations among hormonal, anatomical and nutrition factors, as well as by the availability of photoassimilates (Liu et al, 2004)
In normal conditions of cultivation, the flower abortion reaches up to 60-65% (He et al, 2019), and these losses are strongly induced by nutritional imbalances, water deficiency, extremes of temperature and light intensity
Summary
Brazil is the world's second-largest producer of soybeans, with an estimate of 215 million tones for the 2018/2019 harvest (CONAB, 2019), and there is perspective to overtake the USA soybean production in the years becoming the largest soybean producer in the world. Grains and factors that are directly dependent on the number of flowers per plant (Caverzan et al, 2018). Fageria et al (2006) indicated that the period of up to three days after anthesis, when the initial processes of cell division are occurring, as the most sensitive period for soybean flower fixation. In normal conditions of cultivation, the flower abortion reaches up to 60-65% (He et al, 2019), and these losses are strongly induced by nutritional imbalances, water deficiency, extremes of temperature and light intensity. In this period, abiotic stresses, especially the water deficit, can significantly increase the number of flowers and pods aborted
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